Caste Census in India

Why in News?

The state of Bihar recently undertook a caste census, reviving discussions on conducting a nationwide caste census. This has been a point of contention among various political parties and social groups.

Key Aspects:

• Policy and Social Impact: A nationwide caste census could significantly affect policy-making and resource allocation, aiming to address social inequalities.
• Political and Social Debate: The topic is controversial, with arguments both for and against the re-introduction of caste-based data collection, reflecting India’s complex social dynamics.

Divorced Muslim Woman’s Right to Maintenance

Why in News?

The Supreme Court of India recently upheld the application of Section 125 of the Criminal Procedure Code (CrPC) to divorced Muslim women, affirming their right to maintenance, which overrides the provisions of the Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Divorce) Act 1986.

Key Aspects:

• Legal Clarification: The decision clarifies that divorced Muslim women can claim maintenance under the secular law of Section 125 CrPC, despite the special provisions of the 1986 Act.
• Impact on Women’s Rights: This ruling is significant for the protection of the economic rights of divorced Muslim women across India.

Scientific Deep-Drilling Project in Maharashtra

Why in News?

India has initiated a scientific deep-drilling project in the Koyna-Warna region of Maharashtra to study reservoir-triggered earthquakes, which are frequent in this area due to the monsoon and post-monsoon loading and unloading of the reservoir.

Key Aspects:

• Seismic Research: The project aims to drill a 6-km deep borehole to enhance the understanding of seismic activities linked to water reservoirs.
• Technological and Scientific Advancements: This undertaking will leverage advanced drilling techniques and could lead to significant scientific discoveries regarding earthquake mechanisms.

Upper Siang Hydropower Project

Why in News?

The proposed Upper Siang Hydropower Project in Arunachal Pradesh has been met with protests from local communities due to its potential environmental and social impacts.

Key Aspects:

• Environmental and Social Concerns: The project involves constructing a massive dam that could disrupt local ecosystems and submerge numerous villages.
• Strategic Importance: The project is seen as a countermeasure to Chinese hydropower projects upstream, highlighting its geopolitical significance.

Smuggling Challenges at the China Border

Why in News?

Indian security forces, specifically the ITBP, recently uncovered a significant gold smuggling operation in eastern Ladakh, seizing 108 kg of gold biscuits.

Key Aspects:

• Security Implications: This incident highlights ongoing security challenges and the efforts to combat illegal smuggling activities along the border.
• Economic and Social Impact: Smuggling poses a threat to the economy and security of India, involving not just gold but also narcotics and counterfeit currency.