Neelakurinji UPSC: Scientific Name, Significance & Conservation

One of the exotic flowers found in the southern regions of India is Neelakurinji, which holds a place deep inside every nature lover’s heart. The flower, known for its spectacular blooming cycle, which has been unusual occasionally, has been a symbol of beauty and wonder. It blooms once every 12 years and paints a whole hillside with beautiful shades of blue and purple sight that people from all over the world come to experience the unforgettable event.

Neelakurinji plant, whose looks and behavior are altogether different from all other plants, lives mainly in the area of Western Ghats, India, which is declared a UNESCO World Heritage site. The plants are shrubs and bloom at high altitudes. The blooming event turns out to be special because of it. Neelakurinji bloom is an infrequent natural phenomenon and a pointer to this world’s fragile balance.

• The Neelakurinji is an endemic species to the Western Ghats in India.
• It blooms once in 12 years, laying a blue carpet.
• The flower is a shrub that thrives between an altitude of 1,300 meters and 2,400 meters.
• The bloom of neelakurinji is largely dependent on the particular climatic conditions of the Western Ghats.

However, the beauty of the flower in full bloom is a thing that no human eye can not ignore. Chikmagalur neelakurinji and neelakurinji plantation Munnar region are considered to have a vast number of visitors to the location during the time of flowering. Nature lovers, photographers, and botanists cannot resist coming to this place as it has flowering happens only for weeks. During these weeks, hundreds of hills get covered by an endless sea of blue to purples.

GS Paper	General Studies Paper III
Topics for UPSC Prelims	Blooming cycle
Topics for UPSC Mains	Ecological significance, Role in local biodiversity, habitat loss, tourism

Scientific Name and Habitat of Neelakurinji

The neelakurinji scientific name is Strobilanthes kunthiana. It belongs to the family Acanthaceae and is native to the Western Ghats. The plant’s rare blooming cycle has made it an important subject of study for botanists and researchers. The flowering is believed to be triggered by environmental factors, including rainfall patterns and altitude.

The plant grows in rocky areas, grasslands, and open spaces, making its presence noticeable during the blooming period. The sight of the bloom covering vast landscapes is a stunning natural phenomenon. Conservation efforts are now underway to protect this rare plant, as habitat destruction and human activities pose threats to its existence.

Cultural Significance of Neelakurinji

In local folklore and traditions, the flower holds cultural importance. In ancient times, it was said that people used the blooming of the flower to track their age, as it blooms every 12 years. The flower is also considered sacred by certain tribal communities in the Western Ghats, who regard the blooming as a symbol of prosperity and good fortune.

In Kerala, especially in regions like neelakurinji plantation Munnar, the blooming of the flower is celebrated as a festival. The event is marked by cultural programs, trekking expeditions, and festivals to celebrate the beauty of nature. The neelakurinji bloom is seen as a reminder of the resilience of nature and the importance of preserving it.

Conservation Efforts and Challenges

With the increasing impact of climate change and deforestation, the habitat of the plant is under threat. Conservationists are working to protect the regions where the plant naturally grows. Protected areas have been established to ensure that future generations can witness the beauty of the neelakurinji flower in bloom.

In addition to natural threats, tourism also plays a role in disturbing the delicate ecosystem. The influx of visitors during the neelakurinji bloom period can lead to environmental degradation if not managed properly. Hence, sustainable tourism practices are being promoted in places like Chikmagalur neelakurinji and the flower plantation Munnar to minimize the ecological footprint of visitors.

Neelakurinji Across Different Regions

The neelakurinji bloom is most commonly associated with Kerala, but it is also found in other regions. The Chikmagalur neelakurinji is a lesser-known yet equally beautiful phenomenon in Karnataka. The region, known for its lush green hills and coffee plantations, also witnesses the blooming of the flower once every 12 years. The hills of Chikmagalur turn into a magical landscape during this period, offering visitors a breathtaking view.

On the other hand, the neelakurinji plantation Munnar is perhaps the most famous location for witnessing this bloom. Munnar, located in the state of Kerala, is a popular hill station known for its tea plantations and picturesque landscapes. When the plant blooms, Munnar transforms into a dreamlike setting, with hills covered in blue flowers as far as the eye can see.

Why Is Neelakurinji Special?

What makes neelakurinji so special is not just its rarity but also the deep connection it shares with the ecosystem. The blooming of the flower plays a crucial role in the pollination cycle of various species, contributing to the biodiversity of the Western Ghats. The flowers attract a variety of pollinators, including bees and butterflies, making the bloom an important event for the survival of many species.

Moreover, the blooming cycle of the plant serves as a reminder of the intricate patterns of nature. The plant’s life cycle is perfectly adapted to the climatic conditions of its habitat, showcasing the resilience of the natural world.

Conclusion

The neelakurinji bloom is a spectacular event that captivates the imagination of those fortunate enough to witness it. The flower, which blooms once every 12 years, transforms the landscapes of places like Chikmagalur neelakurinji and neelakurinji plantation Munnar into a breathtaking tapestry of blue. With its rich cultural significance, scientific interest, and ecological importance, the neelakurinji plant stands as a symbol of nature’s resilience and beauty.

Neelakurinji UPSC Notes

1. Neelakurinji is a rare flower that blooms once every 12 years, primarily found in the Western Ghats of India. 2. The plant grows at altitudes between 1300 to 2400 meters, covering hillsides in vibrant shades of blue and purple. 3. Its scientific name is *Strobilanthes kunthiana*, and it belongs to the family Acanthaceae. The flower is endemic to the Western Ghats. 4. The blooming of Neelakurinji is a culturally significant event, celebrated in regions like Chikmagalur and Munnar with various festivities. 5. Climate change and human activities threaten the plant’s habitat, making conservation efforts crucial for preserving its bloom cycle. 6. Neelakurinji plays a vital role in the ecosystem by supporting pollinators like bees and butterflies, contributing to biodiversity.

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