The difference between Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats UPSC is a key topic for understanding India’s geography. These two mountain ranges, though similar in name, differ significantly in their formation, ecology, and cultural importance. Understanding these differences is crucial for grasping the broader geographical diversity of India. While both ranges run parallel to the coastline, their characteristics vary remarkably. The difference between Western Ghat and Eastern Ghat UPSC also highlights how these ranges influence the climate, biodiversity, and human activities in their regions.
- Western Ghat are older and higher compared to the Eastern Ghat.
- The Western Ghat run parallel to the west coast, while the Eastern Ghat run along the east coast.
- Western Ghats are more continuous, whereas Eastern Ghat are discontinuous and broken.
- The Western Ghats receive more rainfall due to the southwest monsoon.
Western Ghats VS Eastern Ghats
| Feature | Western Ghats | Eastern Ghats |
|---|---|---|
| Location | Runs parallel to the western coast of India | Runs parallel to the eastern coast of India |
| States Covered | Gujarat, Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu | Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka |
| Length | Approximately 1,600 km | Approximately 1,750 km |
| Elevation | Higher elevation, average 900-1,600 meters | Lower elevation, average 600 meters |
| Continuity | Continuous mountain range | Discontinuous and fragmented mountain range |
| Formation | Formed by the uplift of the Deccan Plateau | Formed by ancient, eroded mountains |
| Biodiversity | Rich in biodiversity; UNESCO World Heritage Site | Less dense biodiversity, but unique species present |
| Climate Influence | Blocks southwest monsoon, causing heavy rainfall | Lesser impact on monsoon, leading to drier climate |
| River Systems | Source of major rivers like Godavari, Krishna, Kaveri | Rivers like Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna, and Kaveri flow through |
| Human Settlement | Dense population due to fertile soil and favorable climate | Sparsely populated due to rugged terrain and harsher climate |
| Conservation Status | Focus of significant conservation efforts | Lesser-known, but require urgent conservation |
| Major Peaks | Anamudi (2,695 meters), Doddabetta (2,637 meters) | Arma Konda (1,680 meters), Jindhagada Peak (1,690 meters) |
| Cultural Significance | Rich cultural heritage with many temples and historical sites | Cultural diversity with tribal communities and ancient temples |
Conclusion
The difference between the Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats is more than just a geographical distinction; it reflects the diverse ecological, cultural, and climatic landscapes of India. People celebrate the Western Ghats for their rich biodiversity and their significant role in shaping India’s monsoon patterns. The Eastern Ghat hold their own unique ecological systems and cultural heritage. Both mountain ranges are vital to India’s natural and cultural wealth, and their preservation is essential for maintaining the ecological balance of the region. Understanding these differences is crucial for a comprehensive grasp of India’s geography, making it an important topic for UPSC and other competitive exams.
| Difference between Western and Eastern Ghats UPSC Notes |
| Western Ghats are higher and more continuous than the Eastern Ghats. Western Ghats block the southwest monsoon, causing heavy rainfall on the western side. Eastern Ghats are fragmented and have a lower elevation compared to the Western Ghats. Western Ghats are a UNESCO World Heritage site with rich biodiversity. Eastern Ghats have less dense but unique biodiversity, including tribal communities. Western Ghats contribute significantly to India’s river systems, including the Godavari and Krishna.The Eastern Ghats receive less conservation attention despite facing similar environmental threats. Western Ghats are densely populated due to fertile soil, while Eastern Ghats are sparsely populated with harsher terrain. |
